Tungsten oxide nano particles, an inorganic electrochromic material, may be applied for preparing heat-insulating energy-saving glass. And the glass will be more and more widely applied in building due to its own excellent optical performance – shield ultraviolet and infrared rays without affecting the transmittance of visible light.
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As you may have known, inorganic electrochromic materials are mostly transition metal oxides or their derivatives. Then, what is the cause of discoloration? The discoloration of inorganic electrochromic materials appears by changes in the valence and concentration of ions. Because of the large number of extranuclear electrons of transition metal elements, electrons in the d orbit often appear unpaired, especially in oxides. These electrons are unstable, so transitions and ionization occurred. Under the influence of certain external conditions, the valence state of ions in the transition metal oxide undergoes a reversible transition, thereby forming a state of coexistence of ions in a mixed valence state.
